NICKEL, A MALLEABLE METAL

Small and large samples of nickel foil like this, as well as sheet, wire, mesh and rod (and nickel alloys in foil, sheet, wire, insulated wire and rod form) 



https://www.webelements.com/_media/elements/element_pictures/Ni.jpg

ISOLATION 
Isolation: it is not normally necessary to make nickel in the laboratory as it is available readily commercially. Small amounts of pure nickel can be islated in the laborotory through the purification of crude nickel with carbon monoxide. The intermediate in this process is the highly toxic nickel tetracarbonyl, Ni(CO)4. The carbonyl decomposes on heating to about 250°C to form pure nickel powder.

The Ni(CO)4 is a volatile complex which is easily flushed from the reaction vessel as a gas leaving the impurities behind. Industrially, the Mond process uses the same chemistry. Nickel oxides are reacted with "water gas", a mixture of CO + H2). Reduction of the oxide with the hydrogen results in impure nickel. This reacts with the CO component of the water gas to make Ni(CO)4 as above. Thermal decomposition leaves pure nickel metal.

PERIODIC TABLE  OF THE ELEMENTS

 

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CHEMICALS PROPERTIES OF NICKEL

Nickel is a fairly abundant element, constitute about 0.008% of the earth's crust and 0.01% of igneous rocks. In some types of meteorites are no appreciable amount of nickel, and it is trought that there are large cuantities in the Earth's core.
Nickel is present in small mount in seawater, and most of the coal.
Metallic nickel is strong and hard (3.4 on Mosh scale), when finely divide it is black.
Resist corrosion and no alkaline swells into large pieces, but very thin wires can ignite.
In metallic form it is a strong reducing agent.
Most of the nickel compound are green or blue due to hydration or pther ligands binding to the metal.
 this is metallic 


NICKEL EFFECT ON HEALTH

Nickel is an element that occurs in the enviroment in very smalls levels.
Foods naturally contain small amounts of nickel. The chocolate and fats are known to contain high amounts. Nickel is taken and this will increase when people eat large amounts of vegetables from contaminated soils. It is known that plants accumulate nickel resulting nickel making plant be forthcoming. Smokers have a high degree of exposure to nickel through their lungs. Finally, the nickel can be found in detergents. Humans can be exposed to nickel by breathing air, drinking water, eating food or smoking cigarettes. The skin contact with contaminated soil or water nickel may also result in exposure to nickel. Nickel in small amounts is essential, but when taken in very large amounts it can be dangerous pair human health.
Taking hingh amount of nickel has a lot of consequences.


 this cupcakes can have nickel because are made with chocolate and chocolate have nickel.
http://alergias.comocombatir.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/03/Chocolate-alimento-niquel.jpg

ENVIROMENTAL EFFECT OF NICKEL


Nickel is released into the air by power plants and waste incinerators. This will be deposited on the ground or fall after reacting with raindrops. It usually takes a long period of time so that the nickel can be removed from the air. Nickel can also terminate on the surface of water when it is part of the wastewater. Most of all nickel compounds that are released into the environment by sediment or soil particles absorb becoming immobilized. In acid soils, nickel binds to become more mobile and often reaches groundwater.
High nickel concentrations in sandy soils can clearly damage plants and high nickel concentrations in surface water may decrease the range of algal growth. Microorganisms may also undergo a decrease in growth due to the presence of nickel. For animals nickel is an essential element in small quantities. But nickel is not only favorably as an essential element, it can also be dangerous when the maximum tolerable amount exceeds.

in this plant it can have nickel but not a lot.

WHO DISCOVERED THE NICKEL ?

Baron Axel Fredrik Cronstedt (December 23, 1722- August 19, 1765) was a Swedish chemist and mineralogist who discovered nickel in 1751 as a mining expert from the Directorate of Mines.
He was a pupil of Georg Brandt, the dicovered of cobalt. Cronstedt is one of the founders modern mineralogy.
He discover more minerals like the scheelita.
In 1753, Cronstedt was elected to the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences.


   http://www.cronstedt.com/family/files/CarlOlofCronstedt.gif
 

HISTORY

The use of nickel dates back to around the fourty century, usually with cooper, as often occurs in the moneral of this metal. Easy to confuse with the nickel ores of silver suggest that infact the use of nickel was later.
Nickel-bearing minerals such us niquelina have been used to color the glass.
Nickel comes from the German Kupfernickel, name give by miners to useless minerals.
Today is very often find in coins. The first pure nickel coin was minted  in 1881.

WHAT YOU CAN MAKE WITH NICKEL?

IN A COIN

• The nickel ( 5 cent ) nickel-zinc, the quarter ( 25 cent ) the same.

   https://www.google.es/url?





 FOR THE JEWELLERY

• You can find in the jewellery but it is't recomendable because is toxic.
• However, the use of a jewel nickel plated (typical trinkets) it self can present a serius risk os allergy or infection , but both casesare rare.

TO DO WHITE GOLD

This metal is the better economic option to do white gold, the nickel is a white metal matt huen and soft touch, this metal have more capacity to whiten other metals

This picture was taken from the photografic periodic table of the elements